攀枝花学院学报

目的:本研究旨在系统阐释中国特色社会主义基本民生兜底保障政策的核心功能目标、历史演进过程、多元主体结构变迁及未来发展方向。方法:基于1949—2024年间国家层面发布的政策文本，综合运用关键词共现分析与社会网络分析方法，识别政策核心目标与府际协作模式，总结政策发展的阶段特征与演化机制。结果:我国基本民生兜底保障体系在政策目标上聚焦“兜住底、兜准底、兜好底”，在政策结构上演进为“松散—中心—多元”的协同网络，在政策过程上历经启动建立、探索发展和巩固提高三大阶段，整体形成“功能—结构—目标”三维协同的政策架构。未来，加强政策顶层设计，推进基本民生兜底保障体制机制改革，并在经济与数字发展中重点关注和解决兜底保障难题。

Purpose: This study aims to systematically elucidate the core functional objectives,historical evolution,changes in the structure of diverse subjects,and future directions of the basic livelihood guarantee policy system under the framework of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Method: Based on policy texts issued at the national level from 1949 to 2024,keyword co-occurrence analysis and social network analysis are applied to identify the core policy objectives and intergovernmental collaboration patterns,summarizing the stage characteristics and evolutionary mechanisms of policy development. Conclusion: China's basic livelihood bottom-line guarantee system focuses on the policy objectives of “securing,accurately identifying,and effectively ensuring basic livelihood needs. ”Its policy structure has evolved into a “loose-centralized-diverse”collaborative network,and the policy process has undergone three major stages: initiation and establishment,exploration and development,and consolidation and improvement. Overall,a three-dimensional synergistic policy architecture of “function-structure-objective”has been formed. In the future,it is essential to strengthen top-level policy design,advance the reform of the institutional mechanisms for basic livelihood guarantees,and prioritize and address guarantee challenges within economic and digital development.