攀枝花学院学报

人工智能与机器人技术的结合应用在现代临床治疗与术后康复等场景下不断取得突破，为智慧医疗快速发展起到了不可磨灭的作用，但其引发的事故也不断挑战传统事故责任制度。由于开发主体多元、人工智能算法、人机混控等多重因素，AI医疗机器人事故的事故原因、行为判定、责任分配变得十分复杂，给传统事故责任制度带来巨大挑战。对AI医疗机器人事故原因进行类型化分析可以发现，事故发生原因往往呈多元化趋势，这让仅能处理清晰过错事故的传统事故责任制度明显不适用。为了更好应对这些挑战，我国应当构建针对AI医疗机器人的特殊责任制度，在明定AI医疗机器人法律地位的基础上，明确AI医疗机器人的事故责任类型和事故责任分配，以期实现法律规制和智慧医疗科技发展之间的平衡。

The combined application of artificial intelligence and robot technology has made continuous breakthroughs in modern clinical treatment and postoperative rehabilitation and other scenarios， which has played an indelible role in the rapid development of smart medical treatment， but the accidents caused by it also continue to challenge the traditional accident liability system. Due to multiple factors such as multiple development subjects， artificial intelligence algorithms， and man-machine mixing control， the accident cause， behavior determination， and responsibility allocation of AI medical robot accidents have become very complicated， which has brought great challenges to the traditional accident liability system. The type analysis of the causes of accidents of AI medical robots can be found that the causes of accidents are often diversified， which makes the traditional accident liability system that can only deal with clear fault accidents obviously not applicable. In order to better cope with these challenges， China should build a special liability system for AI medical robots， and clarify the accident liability type and accident liability distribution of AI medical robots on the basis of clearly defining the legal status of AI medical robots， in order to achieve a balance between legal regulation and the development of smart medical technology.